深圳故事｜深圳第一塔——龙津石塔

深圳第一塔——龙津石塔

Longjin Stone Tower, Shenzhen's No. 1 stone tower

龙津石塔，又称花塔公和渡头石塔，建于南宋嘉定十三年（公元1220年），距今已有八百年的历史，虽然塔身仅高0.6米，却被誉为“深圳第一塔”。在著名古建筑专家张驭寰所著的《中国佛塔史》中，300页的书专门用了一个章节来介绍它，足见其历史，艺术和文物价值。

In his book “The History of China’s Pagodas,” ancient architecture expert Zhang Yuhuan used a whole chapter to introduce Shenzhen’ Longjin Stone Tower. Built in 1220, the tower, with a height of merely 0.6 meters, is hailed as the No. 1 stone tower in Shenzhen for its historical and artistic merits.

 

这座古老的石塔位于宝安区沙井镇西北端沙井村桥东五巷，是深圳历史悠久的确凿物证。清嘉庆版《新安县志》记载：“龙津石塔在邑之三都沙井村河边。宋嘉定年间盐大使建石桥于沙井村东北，桥成之日，波涛汹涌，若有蛟龙奋跃之状，故立塔于上镇之。”沙井，古时又称龙津、涌口里和归德场，是广东十三盐场之一，“盐大使”则指归德盐场盐官承节郎周穆。沙井地区水网密布，龙津河河口外的巨浪也时常肆虐两岸，为了保证盐贩开市，方便居民出行，周穆筹建了横跨龙津河的龙津桥。

Situated in Shajing Village in Shajing Town, Bao’an District, the 800-year-old stone tower is an important witness of the local history. According to local chronicles, Shajing, known as Longjin, Chongkouli or Guidechang in ancient times, was home to one of the 13 salt fields in Guangdong and had a dense water network. To reduce the hassles brought by surging waves in Longjin River near Shajing Village for residents’ travels and salt transactions, Zhou Mu, an official responsible for supervising the area’s salt transactions, ordered the building of a stone bridge on the river. As a prayer for less waves, he later commissioned the building of Longjin Stone Tower near the bridge.

 

如果去现场观看石塔，会发现它并不高大，经过百年风霜，塔身雕刻字迹已模糊不清，反而显得更加厚重。档案资料显示，整个石塔呈四方柱形状，由塔帽、塔身、须弥座三部分组成，均用粗砂岩雕刻而成。塔帽呈四角亭样式。塔身长宽均为0.44米，高0.6米，正面雕凿佛龛，背面雕刻“嘉定庚辰立石”。塔须弥座平面呈方形，长、宽均为0.56米，高0.29米。四角浮雕竹节角柱，正面刻宝相花万字。

Having withstood eight centuries of wind and rain, today's Longjin Stone Tower looks slightly different from what it was like when it was first built as described in historical records, and the words on it are already unrecognizable.

龙津石塔

Longjin Stone Tower

龙津石塔作为石佛塔遗存，造型上有晚唐遗风，是研究深圳地区宋代以至唐代建筑的实物例证；同时，对于研究这一时期深圳地区的政治、经济、文化和风情民俗也有重要价值。2000年、2003年、2015年，龙津石塔分别被公布为镇级文物保护单位、区级文物保护单位和省级文物保护单位。龙津石塔等一系列文物的发现和保护，是对深圳历史文化的深情追溯，在一点一滴中形成了深圳独特的文明脉络。

Today, the stone tower has become an important subject in Shenzhen and its surrounding areas for research on the architectural styles from the Song to Tang dynasties as well as the area’s politics, economy, culture and folk customs during the same period. In 2000, 2003 and 2015, the tower was recognized as a town-, district- and provincial-level cultural heritage protection unit, respectively.