深圳故事｜“特区中的特区”：沙头角保税区

“特区中的特区”：沙头角保税区

Shatoujiao Bonded Zone – special zone in Shenzhen SEZ

苍青如黛的梧桐山下，碧波粼粼的大鹏湾侧，孕育着一颗璀璨的明珠——沙头角保税区。这块围网内面积0.2平方公里，配套生活用地0.1平方公里，新增填海地面积0.12平方公里的袖珍宝地，被称为“特区中的特区”。

The Shatoujiao Bonded Zone, which is located at the foot of Wutong Mountain and covers an enclosed area of 0.2 square kilometers, a living area of 0.1 square kilometers and a new piece of reclaimed land of 0.12 square kilometers, is known as the “special zone in the Shenzhen SEZ.”

 

沙头角保税区位于深圳经济特区沙头角镇，与香港山水相连，东临我国最大深水港之一——盐田港，西距通往香港新界的沙头角口岸不到一公里，口岸通关优势十分突出。

The geographical location of the Shatoujiao Bonded Zone is rather advantageous. Sitting adjacent to Hong Kong, it connects with Yantian Port in the east, which is one of the largest deep water ports of China. Also, it is less than one kilometer from the Shatoujiao Port, which leads to the New Territories of Hong Kong.

沙头角全景图（图片由陈宗浩提供）

A panoramic view of Shatoujiao. (Photo courtesy of Chen Zonghao)

何为保税区？简单来说，保税区是我国深化改革，扩大开放的产物，是扩大利用外资，探索按国际管理运作的试验区。追溯沙头角保税区的历史，它起源于深圳经济特区率先在全国范围内提出建立“出口加工区”的设想，并利用优势条件“在沙头角区划出一块地方试办保税性质的出口加工区”。

What is a bonded zone? Simply stated, bonded zone is a product of China deepening its reform and opening up. It is also a pilot area for expanding the utilization of foreign capital and exploring business operation based on international management. Going back to the history of the Shatoujiao Bonded Zone, it originated from an idea of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone when it took the lead in the country in proposing the setup of an export processing zone by taking advantage of the local conditions to set aside a place to establish a pilot bonded export processing zone in the Shatoujiao area.

经过多次修改、论证与协调，深圳市政府下发439号文件，1987年12月25日，“深圳沙头角保税工业区”正式挂牌成立。1991年5月28日，国务院正式批准设立沙头角保税区。

After modifications, discussions and coordination, the Shenzhen Municipal Government issued document No. 439, and on December 25, 1987, the Shenzhen Shatoujiao Bonded Industrial Zone was officially launched. On May 28, 1991, the State Council formally approved the establishment of the Shatoujiao Bonded Zone.

 

在大胆超前探索的过程中，为提高效率，沙头角保税工业区参照国际惯例逐步建立了一套“三个一”的管理体制：即管理机构“一元化”——权力集中，人员精简，事权统一，集中办理，手续简化；工作方法“一站式”——集中一切行政手续，一次办妥；服务“一条龙”——为投资者提高一系列配套服务，改变了外商对在中国投资办事“难、繁、慢”的旧印象。受益于此，沙头角保税区的首家中外合资企业（深圳富华实业有限公司）从申请设立到领取营业执照仅花费5天，从装修到投产仅用了80天。

To improve efficiency, the Shatoujiao Bonded Industrial Zone established its management system in accordance with international practices. With its unified management, the Shatoujiao Bonded Zone provided investors with one-stop services and the procedures were well coordinated. Consequently, it took only five days for the first Sino-foreign joint venture of the Shatoujiao Bonded Zone, Shenzhen Fuhua Industrial Co. Ltd., to receive its business license.

 

2014年1月22日，国务院批复设立深圳盐田综合保税区（由沙头角保税区、盐田港保税区、盐田港保税物流园整合升级）。整合升级后，沙头角保税区片区企业主要从事电子产品、黄金珠宝、智能玩具等出口加工业务。作为我国以拓展外向型经济为目标的超前改革实验场，沙头角保税工业区无论是探索新道路，还是创造新模式，都为特区的发展乃至全国的改革开放提供了有益启示。

On January 22, 2014, the State Council approved the establishment of the Shenzhen Yantian Comprehensive Bonded Zone, which consists of the Shatoujiao Bonded Zone, Yantian Port Bonded Zone and Yantian Port Bonded Logistics Park. After the integration and upgrading, enterprises in the Shatoujiao Bonded Zone primarily engage in the export processing of electronic products, gold and jewelry, and intelligent toys. The development of the Shatoujiao Bonded Industrial Zone has provided useful inspirations for the development of the Shenzhen SEZ and even the reform and opening up of the country.