深圳故事｜“从这里开始，不一样的精彩”： 深圳大运会的举办

“从这里开始，不一样的精彩”： 深圳大运会的举办

Start Here, Make a Difference: facts about Shenzhen Universiade

刚刚步入21世纪的深圳，城市综合实力取得了飞跃式增长，位居全国大中城市前列。若能够举办一场大型国际性体育运动会，可以进一步提升深圳的城市形象和国际影响力。基于这样的战略眼光，2004年6月，深圳市委市政府启动了申办2011年第26届世界大学生夏季运动会（以下简称“深圳大运会”）工作。

Shenzhen, already a rising metropolis in the 21st century and among the top large and medium-sized cities in China, saw a growing need to enhance its city profile and global outreach. Therefore, the Communist Party of China (CPC) Shenzhen Municipal Committee and the Shenzhen Municipal Government decided to enter a bid for the 26th Summer Universiade in June 2004.

申办工作启动后，广东省和深圳市领导多次赴北京联系沟通，得到了相关部门的大力支持和帮助。2004年12月17日，国务院正式批复同意以深圳市的名义申办大运会。经过两年多的艰辛努力，北京时间2007年1月17日凌晨，深圳从5个申办城市中脱颖而出，最终获得了第26届世界大学生夏季运动会的举办权。

The State Council officially approved Shenzhen’s registration in the bidding for the 26th Summer Universiade on December 17, 2004. After two years of hard work, Shenzhen outperformed the other four candidates and won the Universiade bid on January 17, 2007.

2011年8月12日，深圳大运会开幕式现场。（图片源于深圳市档案馆编《不一样的精彩 在这里定格》）

The opening ceremony of the 26th Summer Universiade on August 12, 2011. Photo courtesy of Shenzhen Archives

2011年8月12日，精心筹备四年之后，深圳大运会在深圳湾体育中心开幕，开幕式有5大特点：一是和一般大型赛事不太一样，更加强调回归体育，回归仪式；二是不请大腕儿，不放烟火，以大学生参与为主，体现运动员和观众的互动。三是注重体现绿色低碳，表演所用舞台均由回收的塑料瓶构成；四是强调“简约，但不简单”，充分表现体育开幕式的仪式感；五是深圳湾体育中心紧邻连接深圳和香港的西部通道，可以遥望对岸香港，体现了深圳海滨城市的特色。

The 26th Summer Universiade opened on August 12, 2011 at the Shenzhen Bay Sports Center in Nanshan District after four years of preparation. The opening ceremony had five unique characteristics: first of all, it was not curated like a grand gala or jubilee featuring a massive scale of performances, but instead placed more emphasis on sports elements; second, the ceremony didn’t have celebrity performances and fireworks, and most of the performers were university and college students; third, it was an environmentally friendly and low-carbon event, whose stages were made from recycled plastic bottles; fourth, the ceremony was concise, but not simple; and last but not least, the ceremony venue Shenzhen Bay Sports Center is located close to the passage connecting western Shenzhen and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), which exemplifies Shenzhen’s feature as a coastal city.

深圳大运会历时12天，共有来自152个国家和地区的7984名运动员和4075名随队官员参赛，共设置24个大项、306个小项的比赛。赛事规模和自选项目均为历届世界大运会（截至第26届）之最，深圳大运会成为名副其实的“小奥运会”。中国体育代表团获得的金牌和奖牌总数均雄踞榜首，其中深圳共有27名本土运动员参赛，取得了8金2银的优异成绩，创造了深圳历史上最好的体育成绩，显示出了深圳体育强劲的竞争实力。

The 26th Summer Universiade ran for 12 days, included a total of 306 competitions in 24 events, and was participated in by 7,984 athletes and supported by 4,075 staffers from 152 countries and regions. It was the largest Universiade as of 2011 with the China delegation leading the medal tally. A total of 27 athletes from Shenzhen took part in the Universiade, pocketing a total of eight golds and two silvers.

深圳人民以最大的努力和热情，成功举办了一届“有特色、高水平”，呈现“不一样精彩”的世界大学生运动会，为来自世界各地的大学生及客人搭建了友谊的桥梁，把真实的深圳和中国展现给了世界。

Through hosting a Universiade that truly made a difference, Shenzhen not only brought together university students at home and abroad, but also showcased to the world its true visage as a rising Chinese metropolis.

深圳故事｜从“深圳荔枝节”到“高交会”

从“深圳荔枝节”到“高交会”

From litchi festival to high-tech fair

谁能想到一个“接地气”的“深圳荔枝节”会转变为受到海内外广泛赞誉的“中国国际高新技术成果交易会”？是什么让“深圳荔枝节”有如此华丽的变身？“高交会”又为什么能薪火相传？

Do you know that the Shenzhen Litchi Festival was the predecessor of the China Hi-Tech Fair (CHTF)? What is it that turned a local specialty trading event into a national-level high-tech fair? Why has the CHTF, officially launched in 1999, been held for 24 consecutive years?

历届荔枝节的举办，帮助深圳在招商引资、加强国内外交流合作等方面起到了积极作用，但随着时代发展，荔枝节的内容、规模和举办形式已经无法展现深圳的社会发展水平和经济实力。1998年，深圳市委市政府经过实地考察和充分酝酿，决定将一年一度的“荔枝节”“变身”为更具鲜明特色和时代使命感的高科技展会。

Although the Shenzhen Litchi Festival had played an active role in attracting investment to Shenzhen and enhancing exchanges with foreign countries and regions, updates were needed to its content, scale and form in order to better fit in with the social development and economic prowess of the city. Therefore, the Communist Party of China (CPC) Shenzhen Municipal Committee and the Shenzhen Municipal Government decided in 1998 to replace the litchi festival with a national-level high-tech fair – namely, the China Hi-Tech Fair.

1999年10月，首届中国国际高新技术成果交易会（简称“高交会”）在深圳隆重举行，它引领了深圳产业结构的调整，打出了品牌，逐渐在深圳形成了一种“牵一发而动全身”的辐射效应，深刻改写了深圳乃至全国高新技术产业的发展进程和布局。

The opening of the first CHTF in October 1999 led the way for Shenzhen’s industrial restructuring and the development of the city’s as well as the whole country’s high-tech industry.

1999年首届高交会门票入场卡（由赵彦君提供）

An entry ticket to the first CHTF. Courtesy of Zhao Yanjun

首届高交会“一炮而响”，此后连续举办20余届，办会规模和影响力逐年扩大。目前已涵盖人工智能、智能制造、物联网、车联网、8K超高清、区块链、移动支付、大数据、新能源、信息安全、数字经济等多项领域，早已成为目前中国规模最大、最具影响力的科技类展会，被誉为“中国科技第一展”。

Having been held for over 20 consecutive years since 1999, the CHTF has gradually grown into China’s largest and most influential high-tech fair. The fair continues to showcase the country’s growing technological prowess in AI (artificial intelligence), smart manufacturing, IoT (Internet of Things), IoV (Internet of Vehicles), 8K Ultra HD (ultra high definition), block chain, mobile payment, big data, new energy, information security and digital economy industries.

从“深圳荔枝节”到“高交会”，昭示了深圳经济特区逐鹿市场经济和跻身世界高科技经济竞争的两次升华。二十三年间，“高交会”走出了腾讯、比亚迪、金蝶等一大批国内知名科技企业，成为深圳一张靓丽的“名片”。

The launching of the Shenzhen Litchi Festival showcased the prowess of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in a market economy, while the transformation from the litchi festival to the CHTF announced the SEZ’s official entry into the world of high-tech economy competition. Through attending the fair, an echelon of local tech enterprises – including Tencent, BYD and Kingdee – were able to tap into the international market.

深圳故事｜“深圳荔枝节”

“深圳荔枝节”

Shenzhen Litchi Festival

您知道荔枝节曾是深圳一年一度的“市节”吗？如此隆重的节日为何会以荔枝来命名？荔枝节还有哪些特殊之处？今天就让小i带您“回顾深圳荔枝节”曾经的风采。

In Shenzhen, there was once an important annual festival, which took its name and theme from the tropical fruit litchi. Check out today’s “Shenzhen Story” to see what made the festival special in the lives of the people of Shenzhen.

 

荔枝是岭南四大名果之王，深圳则是岭南荔枝的主产地之一，“南山荔枝”更是美名远扬。1986年，荔枝树高票当选为“深圳市树”，到了1988年，荔枝树的种植面积就已达9万多亩。每到荔枝成熟的时节，不少深圳人都会邀请香港、澳门以及国外的亲朋好友一起来品尝荔枝。

The litchi is one of the most renowned fruits in South China and a well-known specialty of Shenzhen’s Nanshan District. It was elected as one of Shenzhen’s city trees in 1986, and the planting area of litchi had exceeded over 90,000 mu (6,000 hectares) by 1988. When the litchi is ripe, many Shenzhen people will invite relatives and friends from China's Hong Kong, Macao and even foreign countries to taste the local litchis.

 

为提升深圳经济特区知名度，进一步扩大对外交往、加深文化交流，1988年2月22日，深圳市政府专门下发《关于建立“深圳荔枝节”的通知》，借助民间早有的“啖荔”风俗，把荔枝节的时间定在每年6月28日到7月8日这个品尝“桂味”和“糯米糍”两种荔枝最好的时段。

The Shenzhen Municipal Government on February 22, 1988 issued a notice on establishing the Shenzhen Litchi Festival to enhance the profile and international exchanges of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone. With reference to some litchi-related folk customs, the festival was set to be held between June 28 and July 8 every year, which was the harvest season for the delicious guiwei and nuomici varieties.

 

1988年6月28日，有着深厚群众基础和鲜明地方特色的首届大型综合性活动——“深圳荔枝节”盛大开幕，以品尝荔枝为媒，“深圳荔枝节”主要开展商品展销、工业引进洽谈、科技交流、贸易交往、文化体育等活动。首届“深圳荔枝节”吸引中外宾客达20万人，宝安区还借与香港联谊的机会，成立了海外联谊会。

The inaugural edition of the Shenzhen Litchi Festival was held on June 28, 1988, attracting over 200,000 visitors from both home and abroad. In addition to the mainline litchi tasting event, an array of exhibitions, industrial matchmaking events, scientific and technological exchanges, and sports and cultural activities were also held on the sidelines. For example, an overseas fellowship for people from Hong Kong and from Bao’an District was established, marking an important step in the advancement of Shenzhen and Hong Kong exchanges.

深圳市第一届荔枝节纪念铜牌（由黎新颂捐赠）

A souvenir bronze plate from the first Shenzhen Litchi Festival donated by Li Xinsong.

“深圳荔枝节”的一大特点就是“市节大家办”，除了开、闭幕式外，其他所有经济、文化、联谊活动均由各有关部门主办，经费自行解决。首届荔枝节贸易协议成交额达８亿元人民币，而市政府的拨款仅28万元。

Except for the opening and closing ceremonies, all the economic, cultural and social events of the Shenzhen Litchi Festival were funded by relevant non-governmental organizations. The inaugural edition, receiving only 280,000 yuan in government grants, had recorded a total turnover of over 800 million yuan.

 

从1988年到1997年，“深圳荔枝节”共举办了10届，在为深圳招商引资、贸易和旅游拓展、科技和文化交流、“三胞”联谊活动以及开展推介城市形象等方面都做出了重要贡献。

The Shenzhen Litchi Festival had been held for 10 consecutive years from 1988 to 1997, making great contributions in attracting more investments to the city, boosting the development of the city’s trade, tourism, technology and culture industries, promoting exchanges between local people and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots and enhancing Shenzhen's city profile.

深圳故事｜对外文化交流的窗口——深圳戏院

对外文化交流的窗口——深圳戏院
A window of cultural exchange – Shenzhen Theater

深圳戏院坐落于罗湖区东门老街口，上世纪60年代，驻宝安县的中央部属单位如外贸、边检、海关、中旅社集资100多万元，于1960年完成了深圳戏院的建造。深圳戏院是当时宝安县唯一的剧场，也是新中国成立后第一家设有贵宾厅和空调的剧场。
The Shenzhen Theater is located at Dongmen Laojie (Old Street) in Luohu District. In the 1960s, departments under the Central Government in Bao’an County, such as the departments of foreign trade, border control and customs as well as China Travel Service raised more than 1 million yuan and completed the construction of the theater in 1960. As the only theater of Bao’an County at that time, the Shenzhen Theater was the first theater equipped with a VIP hall and air conditioners after the founding of the People’s Republic of China.

“当时我们的最高精神享受就是去深圳戏院看一回表演。5块钱一张票，占四分之一的工资，什么都不买了，就看戏！”曾有老深圳人这样说道。在那个物质生活并不富裕的年代，有着1301个座位的深圳戏院经常爆满，承载的是深圳市民对丰富多彩文化生活的向往。
“At that time, the best cultural entertainment for us was to watch a performance at the Shenzhen Theater. A ticket cost five yuan, accounting for a quarter of our salary. We preferred to watch a performance than buying other things!” said an old Shenzhener. In those days when few had many material possessions, the 1,301-seat Shenzhen Theater was often full of people, bearing the aspirations of Shenzhen citizens for a rich and colorful cultural life.

作为当时为数不多的城市对外文化交流窗口之一，深圳戏院一度吸引众多香港同胞前来观瞻，他们通常上午从红磡坐火车到宝安县看演出，下午购买宝安县特产回香港。深圳戏院也为宝安县委提出的“利用香港，建设宝安”作出了重要贡献。
As one of the few windows of Shenzhen’s cultural exchange with the outside world, the Shenzhen Theater once attracted many compatriots from Hong Kong. Hong Kongers usually took a train in the morning from Hung Hom to Bao’an County to watch the performance and brought back special local products from Bao’an County to Hong Kong in the afternoon. So the Shenzhen Theater also made a significant contribution to the CPC Bao’an District Committee’s proposal of “Building a better Bao’an by making use of our proximity to Hong Kong.”

数据显示，仅1960-1965年，深圳戏院就接待了42个有国际演出水平的文艺剧院（团）的演出，上演过芭蕾舞、话剧、歌剧、京剧、黄梅戏等精彩剧目。

Data shows that from 1960 to 1965, a total of 42 international-level cultural and artistic theater troupes had presented performances at the Shenzhen Theater, staging ballet, drama, opera, Beijing opera, and Huangmei opera, among others.

1997年，深圳戏院进行合建翻新，迎来了国内外知名剧团剧目，为市民群众带来一场又一场文化盛宴。半个多世纪以来，深圳戏院始终传承“老字号”优势，既承载了一代深圳人的集体回忆，又见证着深圳这座城市的文化发展脚步。
In 1997, the theater went through a complete renovation. After that, it had received renowned domestic and international troupes, bringing one cultural feast after another to the community. For more than half a century, the Shenzhen Theater has not only been a part of the collective memories of a generation of Shenzheners, but also witnessed the cultural development of the city.

深圳故事｜“花五角钱登台表演”——“大家乐”舞台

“花五角钱登台表演”——“大家乐”舞台

‘Fun for All’ stage enriched people’s cultural life

特区创建之初，深圳经济迅速发展，百万青工大量涌入，如何解决广大干部职工在工作“八小时”外的文化活动，成为了当时的一个难题。

At the beginning of the establishment of the special economic zone, Shenzhen’s economy developed rapidly and millions of young workers flooded into the city. How to enrich the cultural life of the workers outside their eight-hour work became a problem at the time.

1986年，深圳市政府从极其紧张的财政经费中抽拨出1万元，在“中心”广场的一片桉树林前，用砖头、水泥砌筑了一个简陋的露天舞台，购置了一架电子琴和一台普通音响，每周举办两次“大家乐”活动。活动采取“自荐、自演、自娱、同乐”的形式，每位登台表演者只需交5角钱的报名费，观众则可以免费欣赏表演。

In 1986, the Shenzhen government allocated 10,000 yuan from its tight financial fund to build a simple open-air stage with bricks and cement in front of a eucalyptus grove in a central square in Futian District, and purchased an electronic piano and an ordinary stereo to hold the “Fun for All” event twice a week. The event adopted the idea of “self-recommendation, self-performance, self-entertainment and fun for all.” Each performer only needed to pay a 0.5-yuan registration fee, while the audience could enjoy the performance for free.

“大家乐”活动现场（图片由深圳晚报提供）

A scene of the “Fun for All” event. Courtesy of Shenzhen Evening News

谁也没想到，就是这样一个简易的露天小舞台，竟然把深圳百万青工的业余文化生活搞得红红火火，成为当时深圳人创造的一大人文景观。每逢周三、五晚上，“大家乐”舞台前总是人潮涌动。报名表演者排成长龙，跃跃欲试等待登台，前来观看的人席地坐在舞台前，来晚的人则井然有序地站在后面，里三层外三层好不热闹。

No one would have thought that such a simple open-air stage would greatly enrich the cultural life of millions of young workers in Shenzhen, yet it became a unique city phenomenon at that time. Every Wednesday and Friday, many people gathered in front of the stage. Performers queued up in a long line, waiting for their turn to present, while the audience sat on the floor in front of the stage.

“大家乐”自荐节目报名处（图片由深圳晚报提供）

The registration place for self-recommendation of the event. Courtesy of Shenzhen Evening News

此后，“大家乐”舞台不断升级改造，简陋舞台变为配备钢网结构及灯光音响设备的大舞台。1987年，“大家乐”舞台开始举办“荔枝杯青年歌手大奖赛”，直到2012年共举办了二十一届，当时风靡全国的超女、快男的海选方式,最早就是在这里实践的。26年间，“大家乐”舞台共举办9000多场活动，38万人次登台表演，近1000万市民参与其中。

Later, the stage was upgraded and transformed from a simple stage to a large stage equipped with a steel mesh structure, and lighting and sound equipment. Starting in 1987, the “Fun for All” stage began to hold the Litchi Cup Youth Singer Grand Prix, which had been held for 21 years until 2012. During those 26 years, the stage had held more than 9,000 events, with 380,000 people performing on the stage and nearly 10 million citizens enjoying the performances.

随着电视、网络和手机的普及，2012年1月，“大家乐”最终退出了深圳的主流文化市场，承载着一代深圳人特殊记忆的“大家乐”舞台至此成为了历史。在“大家乐”舞台旧址建起的深圳青年宫，成为集深港国际青年交流中心、青年教育馆、大家乐文化中心、义工博物馆、青年社团总部等多功能于一体的深圳青年活动基地。

As a consequence of the growing popularity of television, Internet and cell phones , in January 2012, the grassroots form of entertainment “Fun for All” finally withdrew from the mainstream of the cultural market in Shenzhen. The Shenzhen Youth Palace, built on the former site of the “Fun for All” stage, has become a multifunctional base for youth activities in Shenzhen, integrating the Shenzhen-Hong Kong International Youth Exchange Center, the Youth Education Museum, the “Fun for All” Cultural Center, the Volunteer Museum, and the headquarters of youth associations.

深圳故事｜含着“改革”标签出生的大学——深圳大学

含着“改革”标签出生的大学——深圳大学
Shenzhen University born of reform

如今的深圳大学，已经在国内外具有良好声誉和重要影响力，具有鲜明的特色和雄厚的办学实力。那么，深圳大学是如何建立的呢？
Today’s Shenzhen University, with its distinctive features and strong academic strength, enjoys a good reputation both home and abroad. So, what’s the history of the university and how was it established?
 
深圳经济特区建立后，经济快速发展，然而多数干部职工的文化知识、专业水平较低，深圳的专业人才无论从数量上还是从质量上，都不能适应特区建设快速发展的需要。而且，当时深圳在文化教育方面较为薄弱，也没有一所专门的机构可以培养和产出特区需要的人才。如果能在深圳兴办一所综合性大学，就能在一定程度上解决这些难题。
After the establishment of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone (Shenzhen SEZ), the city’s economy developed rapidly. However, most officials did not have a high level of cultural competence and professionalism, and the professional talents in Shenzhen could not meet the needs of the rapid development of the Shenzhen SEZ, both in terms of quantity and quality. At that time, Shenzhen was weak in cultural education and there was no institute available that could cultivate such talents. If a comprehensive university could be established in Shenzhen, these problems could be solved.
 
对特区内第一所综合性大学的创办，深圳市委有坚定的决心。1983年，深圳市委领导对后来的深大校长罗征启说道：“我们决定即使贷款也要办教育……卖裤子也要把大学建起来……请你们给我们生产人才。”
The Shenzhen Municipal Committee of the CPC was determined to build the first comprehensive university in the SEZ. In 1983, a leader of the Shenzhen Municipal Committee of the CPC told Luo Zhengqi, who later worked as the principal of Shenzhen University, “We decided to develop education even if we need to apply for a loan…We will establish the university even if we need to sell pants… please cultivate talents for us.”
 
1985年5月，创立深圳大学的请求得到国务院批准后，在深圳市委市政府领导下，各有关部门紧密配合，大力支持深圳大学的筹建工作。（注意：图片也对应删除）
In May 1985, after the State Council approved the request for the establishment of Shenzhen University, all relevant departments, under the leadership of the Shenzhen Municipal Committee of the CPC and Shenzhen Municipal Government, cooperated closely to support the preparatory work to establish Shenzhen University.
 
1985年7月，深圳大学开始招生，8月正式录取学生，9月27日，深圳大学如期开学，第一批本科生（200多名）开始上课。从获批创办到招生开课，深圳大学仅仅用了不到4个月的时间。 
In July 1985, Shenzhen University started to enroll students. In August of the same year, the university officially admitted students. On September 27 of that year, the university opened as scheduled with more than 200 undergraduates. It took only less than four months from the approval of the establishment of the university to its opening.
 
深圳大学继承了国内大学的优良传统和学风，又带着天然的改革创新基因，作为一所特区大学、窗口大学、实验大学，率先实行了交学费读大学、毕业生不包分配制度，不设助学金，设奖学金制度，教职工聘任制度、学分制度、勤工俭学制度等，为改革开放以来内地零起点新办大学走出了新的路子。
Shenzhen University inherits the good traditions of domestic universities while at the same time adopting innovative approaches to education. As a university in the SEZ, it initiated the practice of paying tuition fees, providing no job allocation for graduates and no student subsidies, setting up scholarships, establishing a recruitment system for teaching and administrative staff, and introducing credit systems and work-study systems, thus creating a new path for new universities on the Chinese mainland.

深圳故事｜本地干部学习普通话

本地干部学习普通话

Local officials learn Mandarin

深圳在建市前是一个多方言共存区，主要有宝安粤语、龙岗客语两大方言，大鹏话、疍家话等小方言语种并存。这些方言地理分布形式多样，交界地区存在交错、相连的情况，展示了一部人民迁徙、交融的历史。

Before the municipality was established, Shenzhen was a place with many different dialects, including Bao’an-version Cantonese, Longgang-version Hakka, Dapeng dialect, and Tanka dialect. These dialects were distributed in different areas of Shenzhen, with some dialects coexisting and intermingling in certain areas, which reflected the history of migration to and exchanges of people within Shenzhen.

深圳方言分布图 

A distribution map of Shenzhen’s local dialects

今天的深圳仍是一座典型的移民城市，云集了来自全国各地的创业者，全国六大方言——北方话、客语、吴语、闽语、湘语、赣语均在社会层面使用，但沟通着社会各阶层最广泛的语言则是普通话。

Today, Shenzhen is still a typical city of migrants, gathering entrepreneurs from all over the country. The six major dialects of the country – the dialects of North China, Hakka, Wu, Min, Xiang and Gan – are all spoken here, but the most commonly used is Mandarin.

然而，时光倒退回20世纪80年代，深圳当时还是全国公认的普通话”沙漠”。因此，大力推进本地干部学习普通话，成为当时”推广普通话”工作的重要举措之一。

However, back in the 1980s, Shenzhen was a “desert” of Mandarin. So, it was a major priority to promote the use of Mandarin among local officials.

很少有人知道，”推普”这项工作，早在宝安县改县建市（1979年3月，宝安县改设为深圳市）之前就开始了。1973年5月印发的《关于进一步推广普通话的通知》，已经把推广普通话作为一项重要工作来抓。由于宝安县多方言汇集，又有国际往来的口岸，语言的统一，有利于社会主义的建设和发展。因此，要求各个行政、企事业单位应大力提倡干部、职工带头学习和宣传普通话。这一举措为推进本地干部讲普通话开创了良好局面。

The promotion of Mandarin started even before Bao’an County was changed into Shenzhen City (in March 1979). The Notice on Further Promoting Mandarin issued in May 1973 deemed the promotion of Mandarin as an important task. At that time, many different dialects were used in Bao’an County and as there were ports with international exchange, the unification of language was conducive to the construction and development of socialism. Therefore, it was required that each administration, enterprise and institution should encourage their officials and employees to take the lead in learning and promoting Mandarin. This initiative created a good start for the promotion of Mandarin among local officials.

深圳建市后，随着对外开放程度的扩大，”推普”工作更加紧要和迫切。全国各地的建设者、来深投资的外商，迫切需要良好的交流与合作。如何让大家顺畅地沟通？用普通话统一深圳的语言，就是有效的解决方式。因此，广东省和深圳市都十分重视”推普”工作的落实。

After the establishment of Shenzhen City, with the expansion of opening up to the outside world, the work of promoting Mandarin became more urgent and pressing. People in all walks of life from all over the country as well as foreign investors who came to Shenzhen needed to communicate and cooperate with each other.

为了进一步加快全省”推普”工作，发挥本地干部带头说普通话的示范作用，1984年9月，广东省委办、省府办下发文件，明确全省区级以上机关单位的干部职工，需基本做到在办公、会议、对外洽谈中使用普通话，并定期接受培训和考察。同月，深圳专门成立了推广普通话办公室。同年12月，深圳还举办了首届”讲普通话比赛”。1985年1月8日，深圳市政府提出，在两三年内实现全市普通话化，并将考核普通话作为干部职工在定级、晋升，新招和调进的门槛。这一系列举措，让深圳初期的”推普”工作扎实稳进，助力深圳逐渐发展为一座对内扩大交往、对外积极开放的国际化文明城市。

How best to help everyone communicate smoothly? Assigning Mandarin as the unification of language in Shenzhen was an effective solution. Therefore, both Guangdong Province and Shenzhen City attached great importance to the promotion of Mandarin. To speed up the promotion of Mandarin, in September 1984, the General Office of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the CPC and the General Office of the Guangdong Provincial Government issued a document specifying that all the officials in the province’s district-level and above departments were required to use Mandarin in their offices, meetings and external negotiations, and needed to receive regular training and inspection. At the same time, Shenzhen established an office for the promotion of Mandarin. In December of the same year, Shenzhen held the Speak Mandarin Competition. On January 8, 1985, the Shenzhen Municipal Government published a plan to popularize Mandarin all over the city within two or three years, and stated that the assessment of Mandarin would be a requirement for officials and employees in their ratings and promotion, recruitment and personnel transfer. All these measures facilitated the promotion of Mandarin in Shenzhen and helped the city gradually develop into an international city capable of further opening up and exchange.