深圳故事｜“三趟快车”——见证深港血脉亲情

“三趟快车”——见证深港血脉亲情

‘Three fast freight trains’ as witness to the affections shared between Shenzhen and Hong Kong

在上世纪中期，香港地少人多，食物供应不足，大部分农副产品依赖内地供应,一旦遭遇雨灾、风灾、火灾等自然灾害，物资供应就更加紧张。

In the middle of the last century, due to its limited farm land, crops raised in Hong Kong were insufficient to feed such a large population and most of its agricultural and sideline products were provided by the Chinese mainland. The supply of those products would be even more limited when natural disasters occurred.

 

1959年，香港因鲜活商品短缺向中央求援，尽管当时国家经济也处于困难时期，中央决定由外贸部和铁道部联合开辟供应港澳市场的鲜活商品快运货物列车。

In 1959, Hong Kong asked the Central Government for help due to the shortage of fresh commodities. Although the national economy itself was experiencing a difficult period, the central government still decided that the Ministry of Foreign Trade and the Ministry of Railways should jointly launch a fast freight train program to supply fresh commodities to Hong Kong and Macao.

 

1962年3月20日零时，一辆编号为“621”供港跨境专列（后编号改为“751”）从湖北武汉出发，拉动30多节满载猪、牛、羊等鲜活商品的车厢，经宝安县（深圳市前身）运抵香港，这是内地供港首趟专列。

At 00:00 on March 20, 1962, a cross-border fast freight train to Hong Kong, numbered “621” (later changed to “751”), departed from Wuhan, Hubei Province, pulling more than 30 carriages loaded with pigs, cattle, sheep and other fresh commodities. The train, which was the first special train for Hong Kong, arrived in Hong Kong via Bao’an County (the predecessor of Shenzhen).

 

同年12月11日，又增开了由上海新龙华站和河南郑州北站直达宝安县的“753”次和“755”次快运列车。由于这些列车“定期、定班、定点”每日开行三趟，被形象称为“三趟快车”。

On December 11 of the same year, the “753” and “755” fast freight through trains were put into operation and departed from Xinlonghua Station in Shanghai and Zhengzhou North Station in Henan Province to Bao’an County. These trains were called the “three fast freight trains” since they were scheduled to operate three times a day.

 

在上千公里的运送路途中，活物运输和菜品保鲜是一大难题，因此押运工作异常辛苦。为了避免活猪在运输中死亡，在夏季，押运员需时刻保持车厢通风，“哪怕人不洗澡也要保证让猪洗澡”。在冬天，猪因为怕冷抱团容易被压死，押运员会定时赶猪。无论春夏秋冬，押运员一天要扫几次粪便，预防动物生病或滑倒摔伤，争取把残次死亡率降到最低。

During the journey, the safe transportation of live animals and the preservation of vegetables were the major concerns. To keep the pigs alive in summer, the escorts needed to keep the carriages ventilated all the way. In winter, pigs are easily crushed to death because they tend to huddle together to withstand the cold and the escorts would therefore frequently drive the pigs apart. Every day, the escorts will sweep the manure several times to prevent the animals from getting sick or slipping and falling, so as to minimize the rates of defects and mortality.

“三趟快车”中的运送活猪列车

The pigs train of the “three fast freight trains”.

到了20世纪90年代，每天由内地经深圳运往香港的活禽活畜占香港市场供应量的99%以上，冻肉水产、瓜果蔬菜等占一半以上。因此，“三趟快车”也被誉为保证港澳供应的“生命线”。

By the 1990s, the daily supply of live poultry and livestock from the Chinese mainland to Hong Kong via Shenzhen accounted for more than 99% of Hong Kong’s food resources. The frozen meat, fish, fruits and vegetables accounted for more than half. Therefore, the “three fast freight trains” were also known as the “lifeline” to satisfy the life demands of Hong Kong and Macao.

 

随着现代物流的蓬勃发展，供港商品有了更加多元化的运输方式，服务港澳同胞四十八年的“三趟快车”于2010年光荣“退役”，它见证了内地人民与香港同胞血浓于水的亲情，让香港和祖国内地始终紧密相连。

With the vigorous development of modern logistics, today’s supply of goods to Hong Kong has more diversified modes of transport. Having served the compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao for 48 years, the “three fast freight trains” were honorably “retired” in 2010. They had witnessed the shared affection of the people of the Chiense mainland and the compatriots in Hong Kong for each other, as Hong Kong and the motherland have always been closely linked.